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TZID:Europe/Paris
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UID:1-341@lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr
DTSTART:20150414T110000Z
DTEND:20150414T120000Z
DTSTAMP:20150224T173235Z
URL:http://www.lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr/seminars/physics-biology-i
 nterface-seminar-gerald-g-fuller/
SUMMARY:Physics-Biology interface seminar: Gerald G. Fuller - Amphi BLANDIN
  du LPS de la Faculté des Sciences d’Orsay (Bâtiment 510) - 14 Avr 15 
 11:00
DESCRIPTION:The Dynamics of Two Biological Interfaces\nGerald G. Fuller (St
 anford University)\nSeminar co-hosted by Éric Raspaud—SPECIAL TIME\n\nB
 iological systems are normally high-interface systems and these surfaces a
 re laden with biological molecules and cells that render them mechanically
  complex. The resulting nonlinearities with response to surface stresses a
 nd strain are often essential to their proper function and these are explo
 red using recently developed methods that reveal an intricate interplay be
 tween applied stress and dynamic response. Two applications are discussed.
 \n\n1. Vascular endothelial cells are nature's "rheologists" and line the 
 interior walls of our blood vessels and are sensitive to surface shear str
 esses. These stresses are known to affect the shape and orientation of end
 othelial cells. It is evident that the spatial homogeneity of flow can aff
 ect vascular health and it is well-documented that lesions form in regions
  of high curvature\, bifurcations\, and asperities in blood vessels. Exper
 iments are described where stagnation point flows are used to create regio
 ns of well controlled flow stagnation and spatial variation of wall shear 
 stresses. Live-cell imaging is used to monitor the fate of cells attached 
 to surfaces experiencing flow impingement and it is revealed that endothel
 ial cells migrate and orient in such flows to create remarkable patterns o
 f orientation and cell densification. This response\, termed "rheotaxis"\,
  is used to explore mechano-transduction pathways within these cells.\n\n2
 . The tear film of the eye is a composite structure of an aqueous solution
  of protein and biomacromolecules. This thin layer is further covered by a
  film comprised of meibomian lipids excreted during each blink. The purpos
 e of the meibum has been largely unexplained although one prevailing sugge
 stion is that it suppresses evaporation. Recent measurements in our labora
 tory demonstrate that this layer is strongly viscoelastic and this propert
 y has dramatic effects on the dynamics of the moving contact line and stab
 ility against dewetting.\n\n—\n\nGerald Fuller is the Fletcher Jones Pro
 fessor of Chemical Engineering at Stanford University. He joined Stanford 
 in 1980 following his graduate work at Caltech where he acquire his MS and
  PhD degrees. His undergraduate education was obtained at the University o
 f Calgary\, Canada. Professor Fuller's interests lie in studies of rheolog
 y and interfacial fluid mechanics. His work has been recognized by receipt
  of the Bingham Medal of The Society of Rheology\, membership in the Natio
 nal Academy of Engineering\, and honorary doctorates from the Universities
  of Crete\, Greece\, and Leuven\, Belgium.
LOCATION:Amphi BLANDIN du LPS de la Faculté des Sciences d’Orsay (Bâtim
 ent 510)\, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau\, orsay\, France
GEO:48.698187;2.181768
X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=15 Rue Georges Clemenceau\,
  orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=Amphi BLANDIN du LPS de la Facu
 lté des Sciences d’Orsay (Bâtiment 510):geo:48.698187,2.181768
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