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TZID:Europe/Paris
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:0-707@lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr
DTSTART:20191204T110000Z
DTEND:20191204T120000Z
DTSTAMP:20191129T132550Z
URL:http://www.lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr/seminars/physics-biology-i
 nterface-seminar-matthias-merkel/
SUMMARY:Physics-Biology interface seminar: Matthias Merkel - Salle des sém
 inaires du FAST et du LPTMS\, bâtiment Pascal n°530 - 4 Déc 19 11:00
DESCRIPTION:A new approach unifies mechanical rigidity in cell-based tissue
  models and biopolymer networks\nMatthias Merkel (Turing Center for Living
  Systems\, Marseille)\nUnderstanding how mechanical properties of biologic
 al tissues arise from collective cellular behavior is vital for understand
 ing the mechanisms that guide embryonic development\, cancer growth\, and 
 wound healing. With my group\, I am studying several questions of collecti
 ve effects and self-organization in biological tissue. Recently\, a new ty
 pe of rigidity transition was discovered in a family of cell-based models 
 for 2D and 3D tissues. Here I discuss these transitions and show that they
  are an instance of a much more general class of transitions\, which appea
 r when introducing geometric incompatibility into so-called under-constrai
 ned systems. This kind of transition also provides an important limiting c
 ase to understand stiffening in fiber network models\, which are used to d
 escribe biopolymer networks like collagen. We show that all of these model
 s exhibit generic elastic behavior close to the transition\, which is larg
 ely independent of the microscopic structure and the disorder in the syste
 m. We obtain analytic expressions for the relevant elastic properties and 
 numerically verify our findings by simulations of under-constrained spring
  networks as well as 2D and 3D vertex models for dense biological tissues.
  Several of our predictions are parameter-free\, and we thus expect them t
 o be general hallmarks for geometric-incompatibility-induced stiffening in
  under-constrained materials. Hence\, they provide quantitative experiment
 al tests for whether stiffening in a given material is due to this effect 
 or not. Finally\, I will briefly discuss another project of current intere
 st in my group\, where we will explore conditions for robust self-organize
 d oriented deformation of biological tissue.
CATEGORIES:physbio,seminars
LOCATION:Salle des séminaires du FAST et du LPTMS\, bâtiment Pascal n°53
 0\, rue André Riviere\, Orsay\, 91405\, France
X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=rue André Riviere\, Orsay\
 , 91405\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=Salle des séminaires du FAST 
 et du LPTMS\, bâtiment Pascal n°530:geo:0,0
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