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UID:1-315@lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr
DTSTART:20141208T143000Z
DTEND:20141208T160000Z
DTSTAMP:20141126T082229Z
URL:http://www.lptms.universite-paris-saclay.fr/seminars/tri-seminaire-de-
 physique-statistique-christian-van-den-broeck/
SUMMARY:Tri-séminaire de Physique statistique : Christian Van den Broeck -
  IPhT\, CEA-Saclay\, salle Itzykson - 8 Déc 14 14:30
DESCRIPTION:The unlikely Carnot efficiency\nChristian Van den Broeck\, Univ
 ersité Hasselt\, Belgique\n\nThe efficiency of a heat engine is tradition
 ally defined as the ratio of its average output work over its average inpu
 t heat. Its highest possible value was discovered by Carnot in 1824 and is
  a cornerstone concept in thermodynamics. It led to the discovery of the s
 econd law and to the definition of the Kelvin temperature scale. Small-sca
 le engines operate in the presence of highly fluctuating input and output 
 energy fluxes. They are therefore much better characterized by fluctuating
  efficiencies. In this study\, using the fluctuation theorem\, we identify
  universal features of efficiency fluctuations. While the standard thermod
 ynamic efficiency is\, as expected\, the most likely value\, we find that 
 the Carnot efficiency is\, surprisingly\, the least likely in the long tim
 e limit in the case of a symmetric driving protocol. More generally\, the 
 long-time probability for observing a reversible efficiency in a given eng
 ine is identical to that for the same engine working under the time-revers
 ed driving. Furthermore\, the probability distribution for the efficiency 
 assumes a universal scaling form when operating close-to-equilibrium. We i
 llustrate our results analytically and numerically on several model system
 s\, including the work-to-work conversion via a Brownian particle\, effusi
 on as a thermal engine\, and an asymmetrically driven quantum dot.
LOCATION:IPhT\, CEA-Saclay\, salle Itzykson\, CEA - Saclay\, Saclay\, Franc
 e
GEO:48.73668;2.180033999999978
X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=CEA - Saclay\, Saclay\, Fra
 nce;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=IPhT\, CEA-Saclay\, salle Itzykson:geo:48.7
 3668,2.180033999999978
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