Manipulating the spins of degenerate SU(10)-symmetric fermi gases
Martin Robert-de-Saint-Vincent (Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers)
Hybrid: onsite seminar + zoom.
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Ultracold alkaline-earth atoms offer the possibility to study the effect of a large spin degree of freedom in interacting fermionic ensembles. I will present the recent developments of our experiment, on which we produce degenerate Fermi gases of strontium 87, held in optical lattices to realize the Fermi-Hubbard model generalized to large-spin atoms (F = 9/2).
In this seminar, I will focus on our capabilities for measurement and control of the spins, and connect this to our intended approach for the study of the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model of magnetism. For our atomic species, the spins are of nuclear nature, which is both a strength and a complication as standard spin measurement or manipulation schemes based on magnetic gradients are ineffective. I will show nevertheless that a narrow line with large hyperfine structure offers us very powerful tools, associated with the engineering of effective spin-orbit coupling, that we will use on several central aspects of our studies. First, we applied adiabatically a three-level coupling involving a dark atomic state, reminiscent of EIT or STIRAP, to transfer momentum in a spin-selective manner [1]. This, we now use for spin measurements, and could provide information through spin-momentum noise correlations. Second, we have demonstrated controlled coherent adiabatic operations in the 10-component spin-manifold, on degenerate gases prepared deterministically in a single spin state. I will connect this to our present effort at using microstructured optical fields to adiabatically reach low-energy states of the Heisenberg Hamiltonian, by the controlled breaking of its symmetries [2].
[1] P. Bataille et. al., Phys. Rev. A 102, 013317 (2020).
[2] Comparin et.al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 113201 (2022)