LBan-1
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In a system of degrees of freedom we have a number of configuration which is exponential in . For instance, for a spin system on a lattice of size in dimension , and the number of configuration is configurations. In presence of disorder the energy associated to a given configuration is random:
Since the systems are random, the quantities that describe their properties (the free energy, the number of configurations of the system that satisfy a certain property, the magnetization etc) are also random variables, with a distribution.